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Booker T. Washington

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Born: April 04 1856

Died: 1313 11 19151915

Booker Taliaferro Washington was an American educator, orator, author and the dominant leader of the African-American community nationwide from the 1890s to his death. Born to slavery and freed by the Civil War in 1865, as a young man, became head of the new Tuskegee Institute, then a teachers' college for blacks. It became his base of operations. His "Atlanta Exposition" speech of 1895 appealed to middle class whites across the South, asking them to give blacks a chance to work and develop separately, while implicitly promising not to demand the vote. White leaders across the North, from politicians to industrialists, from philanthropists to churchmen, enthusiastically supported Washington, as did most middle class blacks. He was the organizer and central figure of a network linking like-minded black leaders throughout the nation and in effect spoke for Black America throughout his lifetime. Meanwhile a more militant northern group, led by W. E. B. Du Bois rejected Washington's self-help and demanded recourse to politics, referring to the speech dismissively as "The Atlanta Compromise". The critics were marginalized until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, at which point more radical black leaders rejected Washington's philosophy and demanded federal civil rights laws.

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Booker T. Washington

Booker T. Washington

Books from Booker T. Washington

12 Years a Slave and Other Slave Narratives

Twelve Years a Slave: Plus Five American Slave Narratives, Including Life of Frederick Douglass, Uncle Tom's Cabin, Life of Josiah Henson, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Up From Slavery

Up from Slavery: an autobiography

Three Negro Classics

Character Building

Heroes In Black Skins

The Negro Problem

Frederick Douglass

The Future of the American Negro

Voices of Black America: Historical Recordings of Speeches, Poetry, Humor & Drama

12 Years a Slave (Annotated) with Original Illustrations, Timeline, Biography & Quiz PLUS Five Classic Slave Narratives Incl. Uncle Tom's Cabin

The Story of My Life and Work

Black American Classics: 11 books in a single file (Samizdat Edition with Active Table of Contents), improved 2/27/2011

12 Years a Slave / My Bondage and My Freedom / Up from Slavery

Twelve Years a Slave / Uncle Tom's Cabin / Up From Slavery (American Classics)

My Larger Education: Chapters from My Experience

A Negro Explorer at the North Pole

The Man Farthest Down: A Record Of Observation And Study In Europe

Race and the American Idea: 155 Years of Writings From The Atlantic

Henson at the North Pole