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Trump, Brexit, and the Rise of Populism: Economic Have-Nots and Cultural Backlash

3.4/5 ( ratings)

Rising support for populist parties has disrupted the politics of many Western societies. What explains this phenomenon? Two theories are examined here. Perhaps the most widely-held view of mass
support for populism -- the economic insecurity perspective--emphasizes the consequences of profound
changes transforming the workforce and society in post-industrial economies. Alternatively, the cultural
backlash thesis suggests that support can be explained as a retro reaction by once-predominant sectors
of the population to progressive value change. To consider these arguments, Part I develops the
conceptual and theoretical framework. Part II of the study uses the 2014 Chapel Hill Expert Survey
to identify the ideological location of 268 political parties in 31 European countries. Part III compares the
pattern of European party competition at national-level. Part IV uses the pooled European Social Survey
1-6 to examine the cross-national evidence at individual level for the impact of the economic
insecurity and cultural values as predictors of voting for populist parties. Part V summarizes the key
findings and considers their implications. Overall, we find the most consistent evidence supporting the
cultural backlash thesis.

Language: English

Pages: 53

Format: ebook

Publisher: Harvard Kennedy School

Release: August 01, 2016

Trump, Brexit, and the Rise of Populism: Economic Have-Nots and Cultural Backlash

3.4/5 ( ratings)

Rising support for populist parties has disrupted the politics of many Western societies. What explains this phenomenon? Two theories are examined here. Perhaps the most widely-held view of mass
support for populism -- the economic insecurity perspective--emphasizes the consequences of profound
changes transforming the workforce and society in post-industrial economies. Alternatively, the cultural
backlash thesis suggests that support can be explained as a retro reaction by once-predominant sectors
of the population to progressive value change. To consider these arguments, Part I develops the
conceptual and theoretical framework. Part II of the study uses the 2014 Chapel Hill Expert Survey
to identify the ideological location of 268 political parties in 31 European countries. Part III compares the
pattern of European party competition at national-level. Part IV uses the pooled European Social Survey
1-6 to examine the cross-national evidence at individual level for the impact of the economic
insecurity and cultural values as predictors of voting for populist parties. Part V summarizes the key
findings and considers their implications. Overall, we find the most consistent evidence supporting the
cultural backlash thesis.

Language: English

Pages: 53

Format: ebook

Publisher: Harvard Kennedy School

Release: August 01, 2016

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